Marine processes
Phenomena
Stack - needle, rock pillar (Cabo da Roca, Portugal) - High narrow rock tower that result from gradual destruction (abrasion) of a marine cliff and isolation of more resistant rock. The needles occur also in mountain or volcanic areas in various rock types.
Marine (abrasion) terrace (Hilbre Island, Merseyside, UK) - Flat, horizontal or subhorizontal surface on the sea coast. It was formed by wave activity and could lie above or under the current sea level.
Cliff (Flamborough Head, East Yorkshire, UK) - Steep chalk rock wall (headland) on the sea shore are result of marine abrasion. The chalk lies in horizontal layers with intercalation of flintstones. Above the chalk at the top of the cliff is a layer of glacial deposits (till).
Salt marsh (Merseyside, UK) - Coastal wetlands that are flooded and drained by the tides.